Anterior tibial artery injury is not the contraindication of medial plantar flap: digital subtraction angiography evidence and clinical application

The medial plantar artery (MPA) is often sacrificed as the vascular pedicle of the medial plantar flap (MPF). However, for patients with ankle soft tissue defect caused by traffic accident, the anterior tibial artery (ATA) could be damaged and the blood supply of the distal foot would only come from the MPA and the lateral plantar artery (LPA). In this case, sacrificing the MPA for the MPF means that the LPA will become the mainly source of blood supply of the distal foot. Whether the blood supply of the distal foot is adequately guaranteed remains to be discussed. A total of seven patients with ankle soft tissue defect and ATA injury were enrolled in the study. The digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed to observe the hemodynamics of the ipsilateral foot. The MPF was harvested only when the foot arterial network consisting of the MPA, the LPA, the deep plantar arch, and the deep plantar artery of DPA, and the blood redistribution existed. DSA results showed the blood from the posterior tibial artery was redistributed to the ipsilateral foot and the MPA is not the dominant artery in the foot. Seven MPFs were harvested, and all flaps survived completely. No complications, such as pain, ulcer, and necrosis, occurred in the ipsilateral toes. The DSA could accurately and intuitively evaluate the hemodynamics of foot in patients with ATA injury. The DSA data and clinical practice proved that the ATA injury is not the contraindication of the MPF.     

Open surgical embolectomy for cardiogenic cerebral embolism: Technical note and its advantages

Background and importanceIn cardiogenic cerebral embolism, early recanalization is the most important factor for good prognosis. However, endovascular thrombectomy often fails to achieve recanalization. We present an open surgical embolectomy technique and discuss its advantages.Clinical presentationA 79-year-old woman developed right hemiparesis and severe aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute cerebral infarction caused by left middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. We attempted endovascular thrombectomy but failed because it was impossible to guide the catheter to the occlusion site. Hence, we converted to open surgical embolectomy. Sylvian fissure was widely opened. After confirming the range of thrombosis using indocyanine green videoangiography (ICGVAG), the proximal and distal arteries were secured, and a temporary clip was placed on the distal M2 to prevent distal thrombosis migration. MCA was cut approximately 3 mm from the bifurcation, and thrombosis was removed using micro-forceps. The proximal clip was simultaneously inserted but was not clamped because the thrombus was extruded by proximal vascular flow. Immediately after removing the thrombus, intense bleeding occurred from the proximal flow. An assistant clamped the proximal artery using the prepared clip, and the incised area of MCA was sutured using 9-0 threads. We finally confirmed blood flow after recanalization using ICGVAG. The time from skin incision to recanalization was 27 min. After the procedure, the patient developed slight aphasia but had no hemiparesis and was later transferred to a rehabilitation hospital.ConclusionOpen surgical embolectomy may be a secondary rescue treatment option in the case of endovascular thrombectomy failure.     

两种全髋关节置换术治疗成人单侧Crowe Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良

目的：比较非截骨和转子下截骨两种人工全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty,THA）治疗成人Crowe Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH）的临床疗效。方法：应用THA治疗35例单侧CroweⅣ型DDH患者,其中15例术中采用非截骨,20例采用股骨转子下截骨。两组患者性别、年龄、身体质量指数、侧别差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,记录并比较两组手术时间、出血量、住院时间、术前及术后双下肢长度差、髋关节Harris评分。结果：35例患者获得随访,时间12～48个月,随访期间无髋关节感染、假体松动发生。非截骨组术后1例出现坐骨神经牵拉损伤、1例股神经皮神经分支损伤,3个月后均自行恢复。转子下截骨组术后1例出现髋关节脱位,给予闭合复位后无再次脱位发生,3例股骨近端劈裂骨折,给予钢丝固定治疗。两组手术时间、出血量与住院时间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。末次随访时两组Harris评分均较术前提高（P<0.05）,两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者术后双下肢长度差比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：非截骨THA治疗单侧CroweⅣ型DDH手术效果满意,该方法相对于股骨转子下截骨更简单。对于髋部软组织条件良好、患肢短缩>4 cm的CroweⅣ型DDH患者,可考虑采用非截骨全髋关节置换术。     

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase regulator,RECK, and its clinical significance in osteosarcoma

Reversion‐inducing cysteine‐rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), a novel membrane‐anchored matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, have been shown to be associated with prognosis and suppress tumor progression through angiogenesis inhibition in many cancers. In this study, the expression of RECK in osteosarcoma was examined, and its clinical significance was firstly evaluated. RECK expression was immunohistochemically examined in osteosarcoma from 49 patients. By summing intensity and proportion scores, these patients were categorized as weak and strong. RECK expression in the primary tumor was strong in 27 patients (55.1%) and was weak in the rest of the patients. The 5‐year survival rate of patients with RECK‐strong tumor (81.5%) was significantly higher than that of patients with RECK‐weak tumor (36.4%; p = 0.003). Reduced RECK expression significantly correlated with metastasis (p = 0.010) and recurrence (p = 0.004). A multivariate analysis confirmed that reduced RECK expression was an independent and significant factor to predict a poor prognosis (p = 0.017). RECK status is a useful prognostic factor in osteosarcoma, and an independent prognostic factor contributing to the determination of more adequate therapy strategies for each patient. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1621–1625, 2010     

Impact of miR-SNP rs2910164 on miR-146a expression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes

PurposeMiR-146a acts as a negative inflammatory mediator in different diseases and has been implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. In our study, we investigated the association between miR-SNP rs2910164 and OA susceptibility and its role on the expression of miR-146a, inflammatory and catabolic mediators in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.Materials and methodsGenetic association analysis was performed in 1688 knee OA patients and healthy individuals of Greek origin. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood and genotyped for rs2910164 (G > C) using Restriction-Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Total RNA was extracted from chondrocytes of 18 OA patients and miR-146a, IL-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase 1 (IRAK-1), TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 (TRAF-6), A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5), Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) expression was evaluated using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR).ResultsOA patients carrying rs2910164-GC and CC genotypes did not have an increased risk for OA development compared to GG genotype carriers. MiR-146a expression in OA chondrocytes was significantly lower in patients with rs2910164-GC genotype than in the GG carriers. OA patients carrying the rs2910164-GC genotype in their chondrocytes exhibited increased IRAK-1, TRAF-6, MMP-13, IL-1β and IL-6 expression levels compared with rs2910164-GG carriers.ConclusionWe demonstrate, for the first time, that miR-SNP rs2910164 in miR-146a gene is associated with reduced miR-146a and increased inflammatory and catabolic mediators’ expression in OA chondrocytes. Our data imply that genetic variations in miRNAs linked to OA pathogenesis may regulate their expression levels, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for patients with cartilage diseases.     

椎管重建内固定术有限元模型的构建及稳定性分析

目的:构建椎管重建内固定术的有限元模型,并分析椎管重建内固定术对脊柱稳定性的影响,验证椎管重建内固定术在椎管内手术中的有效性和可靠性。方法:筛选1名30岁男性,身高172 cm,体重75 kg的健康志愿者并采集其腰椎CT资料,建立正常腰椎L₃-L₅的有限元模型,并与体外实体结果和已发表的有限元分析结果进行比较,以验证该模型的有效性。根据处理方式不同分为正常组、椎板切除组和椎管重建组。在相同边界固定和生理载荷条件下,实施前屈、后伸、左弯、右弯、左旋和右旋6种工况活动,分析6种工况活动下L₃-L₄和L₄-L₅观察节段的活动度(range of motion,ROM)和L₃-L₅整体最大ROM的变化情况。结果:构建的L₃-L₅有限元模型各节段ROM位移与体外实体结果和既往文献数据结果吻合,确认了该模型的有效性。在L₃-L₄中,椎管重...